Showing posts with label deuteronomy. Show all posts
Showing posts with label deuteronomy. Show all posts

Monday, August 23, 2010

Brethren or Building: Which Has Financial Priority?

Let's play a game of "What if?"  Assume your local church has in excess of $25,000 in savings.  What would you do in each true-life scenario?

Scenario 1 – The current building does not suit the current needs.  The facility does not accommodate physically disabled individuals and Sunday School area is tight.

Scenario 2 – The current building is bursting at the seams because of numerical growth.  Soon people may need to be turned away.  Nursery and Sunday School areas are tight.  Adding onto the current building is impossible because of local ordinances.

You are probably thinking to yourself that plans need to be started to move into a new facility in order to allow unfettered growth and ministry.  The main question now is whether to expand and upgrade, or simply build new.  Difficult decisions must be made.  And there is one bit of information common to both churches that may have a bearing on the final decision: they have individuals and families that are financially strapped because of job loss or reduction.  Does that bear weight on the outcome?  Should it?

Let me begin by saying that if you did not consider the financial state of the congregants, you are typical.  When faced with the dilemma of space issues, most would expand the facilities or build new without consideration of the poor among them.  That is simply the state of evangelicalism.  Is it proper?  I contend it is not.  Why does the church spend money on a building and not ease life for any who fellowship in their midst?  Why give money freely to full-time workers and ministries, yet build roadblocks for helping the needy?  Why is there a large budget for children and youth programs, yet a mere pittance for benevolence?  A survey of scripture yields multiple occurrences of commands, encouragements, and admonitions to care for those who deserve it because of their circumstances.  The treatment of widows and orphans especially was used by the Lord as justification for holy, righteous retribution.  My concern is for those who are currently under- or unemployed.  Should not the local church care for its own?  It was certainly true of Israel as Moses delivers the Lord's instructions.

The first command dealt with a triennial occurrence of the tithe (Deut 14:22-29). This tithe was maintained in the local city (rather than traveling to the tabernacle/temple) to assist "the Levite...and the sojourner, the fatherless, and the widow." While the Levites also received of the annual tithe, the others did not but relied on individuals for daily assistance (Lev 19:9-10).  All that came would be filled and blessed—both giver and recipient.

The second found culmination in the sabbath year (Deut 15:1-11).  Any loans between brethren were considered paid in full in the seventh year.  Americans might look at this of a prime way to use the system to advantage by obtaining a loan and deliberately defaulting. While that is possible, one must remember that Israel was not a credit-driven economy.  It was cash- or goods-driven.  The stigma of debt was great, because no Israelite should suffer as long as he or she was obedient to the Lord's commands (Deut 15:4-5).  Conversely, if the creditor sought to take advantage by not loaning because the sabbath year, Moses explains that such hardening of heart should not be, since the Lord has promised to bless abundantly.  The defaulted loan will be recouped.

The last deals with someone who has sold himself to a fellow Israelite (Deut 15:12-18).  Most likely this indentured servitude would be an arrangement to pay a large debt.  Again, at the end of the seventh year, he or she was not only released from the original debt, but was to be lavished upon by the master presumably to start afresh and not return to poverty or debt.  In the likelihood that the servant loves the master enough to stay permanently, a permanent mark of a pierced ear was given.  The point here being that the servant had necessary care and sustenance.

But what about the church building?
What about it?  Why have it in the first place?  Stop and think for a moment.  Every year, hundreds of thousands of dollars are spent building edifices in order to make a name for themselves, lest they be dispersed.1  Maintenance reaches into the thousands per year.  Why incur the expense?  The normal response is something like, "The church needs to meet somewhere.  And how do we accommodate Sunday School and other programs without the space?  Where do we put the praise band for worship?"  All of these questions address a problem, but not the one expected.  The real problem is that the church has moved away from scripture in its practice, to the point that real estate takes precedence over real people.

That just isn't practical.  Every church needs a building.  You need to be out of the elements.  Besides, nobody will come if you don't.
I agree that people need to have some measure of comfort in order to gather together and worship.  What is not required is an extra building being used a small percentage of the week and draining finances.  And this is eminently practical.  Howard Snyder once asked the question, "What would a denomination do that really wanted to become a church with New Testament dynamic?"2  He answered his own question this way:
First, all church buildings are sold.  The money is given (literally) to the poor.  All congregations of more than two hundred members are divided in two.  Store fronts, garages, or small halls are rented as needed. Sunday School promotion and most publicity is dropped.…There is no attempt to attract unbelievers to church services; these are primarily for believers, and perhaps are held at some other time than Sunday morning.3
This quote involved more than was necessary to make the point, but it drives home the uncomfortable reality that 21st-century believers are too comfortable in their church life.  Somebody needs to rattle the cage we call "doing church" to see what pops out.  It might bite back, but some of us need to be bit.  The early church did not have their own buildings for the first 250-300 years of existence, yet they turned the world upside-down.  Today, churches have buildings and they are upside-down.

Let us pray that the local church once again gets its priorities in correct order.



1 If that picture seems familiar, you are correct.  Read Genesis 11:1-9 for a full account of what the Lord thought of those plans.
2 Howard A. Snyder, The Problem of Wineskins: Church Structure in a Technological Age, (Downers Grove: Inter-Varsity, 1975), 23.
3 Ibid., 23-24.

Wednesday, August 18, 2010

Living the Sanctified Life

Have you every wondered what it means to live a sanctified life?  Recently, I had been reading Deut 10:12-11:32 and all that God laid out as his will for the life of a typical Jew.  James E. Smith notes the following commands given through Moses:
1.  “Fear the Lord your God” (10:12, 20).
2.  “Walk in all his ways” (10:12; 11:22).
3.  “Love him” (11:1, 13, 22).
4.  “Serve the Lord your God” (10:20; 11:13).
5.  “Keep the commandments of the Lord” (11:1, 8, 13, 22).1
This unambiguous list gives clear direction for the individual.  Each of these is a by-product of the Holy Spirit's sanctifying and enabling work.  Each was within the grasp and ability of an Israelite walking by faith.  As well, the commands were not given without purpose.  The following table illustrates the reasoning and application for obedience:

Commandment Purpose Application
Fear the Lord your God God is sovereign. (10:14) Walk in daily attitude of worship (10:20-22).
Walk in all his ways God chose you. (10:15) Participate in the life of sanctification given to you (10:16).
Love him God is mighty. (11:2-7) Obedience provides strength, so act in that strength. (11:18-25)
Serve the Lord your God God supplies every need. (11:14-15) Enjoy the fruit of life, but do not become arrogant in it. (11:16-17)
Keep the commandments of the Lord God blesses abundantly. (11:10-12) Enter into the fullness of what the Lord has promised. (11:8-9)

At this point it is quite possible someone may be thinking, "But we're not under the Law."  Do you realize that every summary point in the above table is taught by Christ or one of the apostles as applying directly to Christians?  That surprises many, because the liberal and evangelical church groups have bought into the notion that everything before Christ is better left alone as if one might become infected with legalistic tendencies.  Certainly, the possibility exists, but the overriding theme being promoted here is that the God of Moses is the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, Paul, Peter, and you.  The difference is that the finished work of Christ has dealt with the issue of sin, and we can walk with freedom in Christ.

There is a consistent recurring theme in the Deuteronomy passage that deserves observation—know God intimately and act accordingly, or as Augustine put it, "Love God and do as you please."  The trick is being filled with the true knowledge of Father, Son, and Holy Spirit as revealed in the fullness of the scriptures.  The more we are in God's word and acting on it by faith (i.e. abiding in it), the more we grow in Christ and exemplify the sanctified life.

One might ask, "How much work is involved?"  Actually, there is none.  The Lord promised a life of abundance for those who believed on him.  We are simply abiding in the realm of that promise.  For certain, effort is involved.  Spiritual battles are to be fought.  We are to toil in prayer and the study of scripture.  The Lord does not simply hand us our daily needs.  He has created us for good works that we should walk in them (Eph 2:10), thus working out our salvation with fear and trembling (Phil 2:12).

How does one live the sanctified life?  Know the giver of life better through his revealed word, and just live it out.


1  James E. Smith, The Pentateuch, 2nd ed.  (Joplin, MO: College Press Pub. Co., 1993).  Dt 10:12-11:32.

Tuesday, June 22, 2010

Being a Son Sometimes Hurts

Sometimes life is just difficult.  Take for instance my recent manager-mandated job change back to testing software.  (I am still chafing over that one.)  With no warning adversity strikes leaving us dazed and confused, wondering how to orient ourselves to the change.

Christians are supposed to know the proper response top this.  Repeat the verse with me:

And we know that for those who love God all things work together for good, for those who are called according to his purpose.  (Romans 8:28)
I will be honest.  That is not always comforting.  The sting of those things is sometimes fresh enough to be painful to the touch.  We do not appreciate the fit of the yoke and want to be doing something else.  (Did I mention that I am still chafing over that job change?)  So what does a guy do if he feels unjustly treated and served undeserved grief?  He learns that it happened before, and the recipient came through it for the better.

Moses reminded the nation of Israel to obey the commands being delivered (Deut 8:1).  There was good reason to do so.  The people had spent almost 40 years in the wilderness, suffering the consequences of their parents' sin.  What can be more unfair than that?  As well they were humbled and left to go a little hungry, but for a very good reason.  God wanted to make the point that dependence is solely from him.  In the face of hunger, there was manna.  There was no way to make new clothes, but non were needed.  Physically, they were up to the task for the entire journey.  It was a difficult journey, but the needs had been supplied.  Entrance to the abundant life now lay before them as reward for endurance.  The overflow of God's goodness was to be realized.

Still, there was a warning.  In the midst of abundant life, we can become lax and satisfied in the blessings, forgetting who provided them.  When that happens we pat ourselves on the back, congratulate ourselves, and join mutual admiration societies.  Idols made in our own image begin to appear, and eventually God is replaced, though he may be given lip-service.1

The thing to remember in all this is that the Lord purposely puts his children through the wringer in order to squeeze out the impurities and the furnace to refine.  By holding fast to his word of promise, we will make it through.



Does anybody have some liniment to ease that chafing I mentioned earlier?


1 If things ever get that far in your life, look out.  The discipline becomes more severe, sometimes fatally so.

Thursday, May 13, 2010

Do You Love God -- Really?

Christians will regularly say or sing about their love for God and Christ.  Sometimes I wonder if they understand how that should look.  Writing on Deuteronomy 6-8, Justin Fuhrmann gives a good solid answer to this question based on his study:

Deut 6:5 and what follows should be understood as an exposition on what it means to love Yahweh by keeping Yahweh's commandments, as demanded in the second commandment: "[for Yahweh shows] love to a thousand generations of those who love [Yahweh] and keep [Yahweh's] commandments" (Deut 5:10).   In this light, the term "love" carries connotations that transcend the typical understanding of love in our twenty-first-century world.  Love is more than emotion and feeling; rather, it concerns covenant faithfulness and loyalty to Yahweh through obedience to the commands, as is typical of expressions of love in Near Eastern treaty formulations.  When modified by the expressions "heart," "soul," and "might," [love] "emphasizes in the strongest possible terms the total commitment and wholehearted devotion to be shown towards YHWH" (MacDonald, Monotheism 99).  There is no time when the commands of Yahweh are not to be on the hearts and lips of Yahweh's children; they are to "talk about them" whether at home or on the road, from the time they wake in the morning to the time they lie down at night (Deut 6:7). . . . The covenant exclusivity demanded by the Decalogue and the shema demands drastic loyalty and love.
"Deuteronomy 6-8 and the History of Interpretation", Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society, March 2010, Volume 53, No. 1, 57-58

After reading this, can you still say that you love God?  If the answer is affirmative, good.  If the answer is any other, take stock of where you lack in light of the glorious redemption that is found in the gospel of Christ and respond.

Tuesday, May 4, 2010

More on God's Grace to Israel

In the first three chapters of Deuteronomy, Moses has related the goodness of the Lord in bringing the people through the wilderness in spite of their disobedience, defeating nations beyond the Jordan, and once again offering the land as promised.  After all that, Moses, in Deut 4:1-8, asks the people to obey what God has revealed as a reasonable response as recipients of overflowing goodness and grace.  He does this by combining two important concepts into one plea.

First, the people were to stop and understand how privileged they were to have and know God's will.  Some time ago, Daniel Block, mentioned three specific aspects from these verses.1
•  Torah is normative and canonical by definition (4:1–2)

•  Obedience to Torah was the key to life (4:3–4)
•  Knowledge of Torah was the highest privilege imaginable (4:5–8)

Second, interwoven into the text are phrases describing God's relationship with his people:
•  Land that Lord, the God of your fathers is giving you (1)
•  Word of Lord your God commanded to you (2)
•  Lord your God destroyed all who followed Baal (3)
•  Alive from holding fast to Lord your God (4)
•  Statutes and rules from Lord my God to you (5)
•  Lord your God is near (7)
Each of these describes a separate act or responsibility for the people based on a living relationship with
the Lord.

The response of the Christian today should be no less.  The promises and work of God are grand beyond description and his revelation as fulfilled in Christ and explained through his messengers, the apostolic writers, in the new covenant deserves faithful observance.

1 Daniel I. Block, “The Grace of Torah,” Bibliotheca Sacra Volume 162 (Dallas Theological Seminary, 2005; 2006): vnp.162.645.7-9.

Friday, April 30, 2010

Feel the Passion

Deuteronomy 4:1-43 is a wonderful section describing God's mercy and grace to his people.  This morning while Josh and I were looking at verses 32-40 in our study, he commented on how Moses' awe and wonder comes off the page while reiterating how the Lord has worked so wondrously and faithfully.  Look at what is mentioned as Moses explains how God

1.   Took a nation for himself from the midst of another nation, by trials, by signs, by wonders and by war, by a mighty hand and an outstretched arm, and by great deeds of terror
2.   Allowed the people to see his great fire, hear his words out of the midst of the fire, and live
3.   Let the Israelites hear his voice out of heaven to discipline them
4.   Loved their fathers and chose their offspring after them
5.   Brought them out of Egypt with his own presence, by his great power
6.   Is driving out before them nations greater and mightier
7.   Is giving them the land for an inheritance

And he did it that they might "know therefore today, and lay it to your heart, that the Lord is God in heaven above and on the earth beneath; there is no other."

As great as these works were by which Israel could look and remember, the Father did much more by giving his Son on the cross; that he might die and be raised again according to the Scriptures as provision for sin.  How much more we should hold fast to him who loved us!

Wednesday, April 14, 2010

Dealing with Family and Foe: Deuteronomy 2-3

Compare Deuteronomy 2:1-3:22 with Numbers 20:14-25:16 and some interesting things appear.  First, take a look at the sequence of events.

Deuteronomy Numbers
Approach to Edom
Approach to Moab
Approach to Ammon
Defeat of Heshbon
Defeat of Bashan
Contact with Edom
(Defeat of Arad)¹
Defeat of Heshbon
Defeat of Bashan
Contact with Moab

¹ Arad is noted for consistency of the text but is unnecessary for the argument.

Notice the differences.  Why do they exist?  Multiple theories have been brought forth, but the simplest seems to be that: (1) Numbers gives the
events in such a way that they point to Israel not remaining holy to the Lord.  God had been faithful these past decades.  He had interceded on their behalf in Balaam's life.  He had warned the nation to not take on the practices of other nations.  Yet in the face of all these, they fell into sin and had to be judged.  And (2) Deuteronomy establishes which areas were to be left alone because of familial ties (Edom, Moab, Ammon) versus which were identified for Israel to conquer and possess.  This makes sense in light of the preceding chapter which had revisited the failure to take the land of promise.

Application
The Lord values family ties, so we should as well.  The command to Israel was to not contend with nations related to them but instead go out of their way to be respectable and just in all their dealings though they ended up being abused from each of the three nations.

Wicked family members can lead us into sin.  The fact that I am related to someone does not automatically allow me to assume that family or family member is looking out for my best interests.  Just the opposite may be the case.

Evil needs to be eradicated.  Whether on a personal or corporate level, sin and evil is warring against what all that is godly and must be checked.  For the Christian, this means:

Romans 8:12-13
So then, brothers, we are debtors, not to the flesh, to live according to the flesh.  For if you live according to the flesh you will die, but if by the Spirit you put to death the deeds of the body, you will live.

Monday, April 12, 2010

Thoughts on Deuteronomy 1

In Deuteronomy 1-4, Moses recounts important episodes in the wilderness.  Chapter 1 is a look back at the disobedience at Kadesh-barnea resulting in the forty-year limbo between the exit from Egypt and entry into Canaan.  That momentous faux pas needed to be reinforced as an example of what not to do when entering the land this time.

What piqued my curiosity in this passage was Moses' insertion of elder selection back at Sinai.  Why mention it?  I think he wanted to make the definite point that the sin and consequence of previous non-entry was a direct result of the recognized leaders and not Moses or Aaron.  They had only themselves to blame.


Who were the spies? The leaders
Who gave a bad report? The leaders, save two
Who discouraged the people? The leaders
Who attempted to go into Canaan without the Lord? The leaders

Spiritual leadership is accountable for those they shepherd.  At whatever functional level the leader operates, he must be operating in accord with the God's revealed commands and precepts.  To do otherwise puts both the leader and the follower(s) at risk.  Something to remember then:

1 Peter 5:1-4
So I exhort the elders among you, as a fellow elder and a witness of the sufferings of Christ, as well as a partaker in the glory that is going to be revealed: shepherd the flock of God that is among you, exercising oversight, not under compulsion, but willingly, as God would have you; not for shameful gain, but eagerly; not domineering over those in your charge, but being examples to the flock.  And when the chief Shepherd appears, you will receive the unfading crown of glory.

Thursday, April 8, 2010

Outline of Deuteronomy

I had known of a structure in Deuteronomy but before now never considered what form it took.  The three commentaries I own focusing on this book all state that the layout is very similar to Suzerain covenants known among the Hittites.  Roughly, it looks like this:

    1. Preamble (1:1-1:5)
    2. Prologue and History (1:6-4:42)
    3. Stipulations
a.  General Stipulations (4:43-11:32)
b.  Specific Stipulations (12:1-26:15)
c.  Affirmation of Stipulations (26:16-26:19)
    4. Promised Outcome
a.  Curses for Disobedience (27:1-26)
b.  Blessings for Obedience (28:1-29:1)
    5. Confirming the Covenant (29:2-30:20)
    6. Implementing the Covenant (31:1-34:12)

This structure adds depth to the study.  We do not have here just a retelling of what had been given at Sinai but a formalized bond between parties.  This makes sense as there are only three people still living who were adults at the time that the Law was given—Moses, Joshua, and Caleb.  All the others had died in the wilderness.  Presumably, the Levites had been faithful in teaching the people during their 40 years of wandering, but now that the Hebrews were on the verge of entering, a restated covenant was presented with an expectation of formal agreement.

Monday, March 29, 2010

Another "What If ..." Question

And when [the king] sits on the throne of his kingdom, he shall write for himself in a book a copy of this law, approved by the Levitical priests.  And it shall be with him, and he shall read in it all the days of his life, that he may learn to fear the Lord his God by keeping all the words of this law and these statutes, and doing them, that his heart may not be lifted up above his brothers, and that he may not turn aside from the commandment, either to the right hand or to the left, so that he may continue long in his kingdom, he and his children, in Israel.
Deuteronomy 17:18-20

While reading this recently in my morning devotion, I could not help but consider the authorities placed over political entities within the United States.  I ask myself how things might be different if each U.S. president or state governor or city mayor was required to do the same as that expected of the Israelite kings.  And since we have a representative form of government, congressmen should be included in that as well.  I know many elected officials can site proper constitutional authority for their decisions.  If only they all knew the mind of God to the same degree.

Tuesday, March 23, 2010

Tiptoe through the Torah

One study I lead just completed the book of Revelation.  When discussing what to do next, I made known my belief that a study of the Torah/Pentateuch is foundational for understanding the New Testament.  I also understand that most people avoid Exodus - Deuteronomy as boring, repetitious, and irrelevant.  Though nothing is further from the truth, the practical reality is that American evangelicals would rather tear those pages out of their Bibles than read them, for the aforementioned reasons.

Where am I going with this?

I finally decided we should jump into the book of Deuteronomy.  That will give a summary of the Mosaic Law without the potential boredom in the minutiae of laws.  The downside will be in not seeing the wonderful theology in the minutiae of laws.

 So if you find yourself free on Friday mornings from 6:00-7:00 A.M., head over to the Hy-Vee on 32nd and Oakland Rd NE for good fellowship around scripture.